Skip to main content

Error message

  • Warning: Trying to access array offset on null in node_article() (line 12 of themes/custom/morningstar/preprocess/nodes/article.php).
    node_article() (Line: 106)
    morningstar_preprocess_node()
    call_user_func_array() (Line: 261)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render() (Line: 446)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender() (Line: 203)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render() (Line: 238)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 593)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext() (Line: 231)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->prepare() (Line: 128)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse() (Line: 90)
    Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray() (Line: 246)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\{closure}() (Line: 206)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher->callListeners() (Line: 56)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher->dispatch() (Line: 188)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw() (Line: 76)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle() (Line: 53)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle() (Line: 48)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle() (Line: 28)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ContentLength->handle() (Line: 201)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch() (Line: 138)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup() (Line: 87)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle() (Line: 48)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle() (Line: 51)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle() (Line: 36)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\AjaxPageState->handle() (Line: 51)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\StackedHttpKernel->handle() (Line: 709)
    Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle() (Line: 19)
    
  • Warning: Trying to access array offset on null in node_article() (line 13 of themes/custom/morningstar/preprocess/nodes/article.php).
    node_article() (Line: 106)
    morningstar_preprocess_node()
    call_user_func_array() (Line: 261)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render() (Line: 446)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender() (Line: 203)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render() (Line: 238)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 593)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext() (Line: 231)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->prepare() (Line: 128)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse() (Line: 90)
    Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray() (Line: 246)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\{closure}() (Line: 206)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher->callListeners() (Line: 56)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher->dispatch() (Line: 188)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw() (Line: 76)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle() (Line: 53)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle() (Line: 48)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle() (Line: 28)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ContentLength->handle() (Line: 201)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch() (Line: 138)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup() (Line: 87)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle() (Line: 48)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle() (Line: 51)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle() (Line: 36)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\AjaxPageState->handle() (Line: 51)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\StackedHttpKernel->handle() (Line: 709)
    Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle() (Line: 19)
    
  • Warning: Trying to access array offset on null in node_article() (line 14 of themes/custom/morningstar/preprocess/nodes/article.php).
    node_article() (Line: 106)
    morningstar_preprocess_node()
    call_user_func_array() (Line: 261)
    Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render() (Line: 446)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender() (Line: 203)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render() (Line: 238)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 593)
    Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext() (Line: 231)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->prepare() (Line: 128)
    Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse() (Line: 90)
    Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray() (Line: 246)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\{closure}() (Line: 206)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher->callListeners() (Line: 56)
    Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher->dispatch() (Line: 188)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw() (Line: 76)
    Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle() (Line: 53)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle() (Line: 48)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle() (Line: 28)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ContentLength->handle() (Line: 201)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch() (Line: 138)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup() (Line: 87)
    Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle() (Line: 48)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle() (Line: 51)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle() (Line: 36)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\AjaxPageState->handle() (Line: 51)
    Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\StackedHttpKernel->handle() (Line: 709)
    Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle() (Line: 19)
    
Navigating the ‘pink tide’ in Latin America

Voices of Latin America: Social Movements and the New Activism
Edited by Tom Gatehouse
(Latin American Bureau, £21.95)

BETWEEN 2002 and 2012, Latin America experienced the political and social phenomenon dubbed “the pink tide” that helped at least 10 million on the continent to join the middle class every year, while the proportion living on less than U$24 a day shrank from 45 to 25 per cent.

[[{"fid":"10666","view_mode":"inlineright","fields":{"format":"inlineright","field_file_image_alt_text[und][0][value]":false,"field_file_image_title_text[und][0][value]":false},"link_text":null,"type":"media","field_deltas":{"1":{"format":"inlineright","field_file_image_alt_text[und][0][value]":false,"field_file_image_title_text[und][0][value]":false}},"attributes":{"class":"media-element file-inlineright","data-delta":"1"}}]]This progressive development in countries such as Chile, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Brazil and Argentina challenged the neoliberalism of previous decades in reducing extreme poverty and it ushered in the introduction of more unorthodox economic policies and the development of social policies aimed at the most marginalised sectors of society.

Sadly, that pink tide of politically and socially progressive governments is now in retreat after experiencing a series of political setbacks since 2016. The initial redistributive phase that had started at the start of the millennium came to a sudden end, coinciding with the fall on the prices of commodities, a reduction in available resources and the advancement of the extreme right.

Liberation webinar, 30 November2024, 6pm (UK)
Support the Morning Star
You have reached the free limit.
Subscribe to continue reading.
More from this author
boix
Letters from Latin America / 4 March 2025
4 March 2025
A pamphlet by British Latinx poet Patrick Romero McCafferty, poetry by Anglo-Argentinian  Miguel Cullen, and a book of conjuring poems by Mexican Pedro Serrano
best of lantinX
Best of 2024: Letters from Latin America / 6 December 2024
6 December 2024
LEO BOIX selects the best books of fiction, poetry, and non-fiction written by Latinx and Latin American authors published this year
Latinx
Letters from Latin America / 14 October 2024
14 October 2024
Mexican Yuri Herrera’s novel about Benito Juarez in New Orleans, and poetry by Mexican Fabio Morabito and Argentine Sergio Chejfec
boix
Literature / 4 June 2024
4 June 2024
Femicide and the search for justice in Mexico: a book by Cristina Rivera Garza; and a travel book through Latin America by Welsh poet Richard Gwyn