The party’s internal enforcer built his sinister influence in the shadows – but nemesis now appears to be at hand, says ANDREW MURRAY
VIRUSES get a bad rap. Most of us only really think about them when they cause diseases, such as Ebola. They’re viewed as the quintessential hangers-on: bits of genetic material floating around that must leech off living cells to multiply and reproduce. As such, they’re often thought of as not “really” alive.
Indeed, the three of us can dimly remember from school a ridiculous mnemonic for the seven signs that supposedly distinguish life from non-life: “MRS NERG” (or “MRS GREN,” depending on your teacher).
Knowing that viruses fail on a number of those arbitrary metrics — eg R for respiration — would help you pass your biology GCSE.
RICHARD SHILLCOCK examines an enjoyable, but philosophically conventional book, and urges Marxists to employ their capacity to embrace the totality in any explanation
KEN COCKBURN relishes the memoir of a translator, but wonders whether the autobiography underlying the impulse would make a better book
New research into mutations in sperm helps us better understand why they occur, while debunking a few myths in the process, write ROX MIDDLETON, LIAM SHAW and MIRIAM GAUNTLETT
GORDON PARSONS is enthralled by an erudite and entertaining account of where the language we speak came from



