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Collective memory, fractured meanings
There has been a tendency to impose a singular interpretation of the Holocaust and the history of Jewish persecution – yet more dynamic interpretations can shine a valuable light on other traumas and oppressions, argues JULIA BARD
A footbridge in the Warsaw Ghetto, pictured in 1942, and the ghetto memorial designed by Nathan Rapoport

IN THE heart of the former Warsaw Ghetto an 11-metre-high black monument rises out of a wide, empty square. 

One side of the monument is a dramatic sculpture of muscular fighters, young men and women in ragged clothes and with basic weapons, around the central figure of Mordechai Anielewicz, commander of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising when, in 1943, a remnant of the Jewish population for three weeks held off a Nazi army determined to obliterate Jewish life in Europe. 

At the base of the sculpture are inscriptions in Polish, Yiddish and Hebrew honouring “The Jewish people — its fighters and martyrs.” 

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