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In the first article of a series on how the European Union operates, JOHN BOYD looks at the role of the European Commission

The European Commission of 28 is the government of the EU. The president of the commission is agreed by the European Council and endorsed by the European Parliament.

The council then appoints the other 27 commissioners, one from each member state. All commissioners are supposed to be independent, vote in secret by simple majority and are only accountable to themselves. They serve five-year terms and cannot be removed except as a whole by the European Parliament — this only happened once in 1999 following charges of fraud levelled at the commission.

Each commissioner has a portfolio supported by one or more of the 33 Directorates General and services (comprising civil servants similar to national ministries). The trade commissioner is conducting the highly secret TTIP EU-US negotiations. The British commissioner is Lord Hill responsible for financial matters whom David Cameron wanted as commission president to promote City of London interests.

  • John Boyd is secretary of the Campaign against Euro-federalism and chairman of the European Alliance of EU critical organisations (Team)
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